Chapter 4Team Approach

4.1 A land development/building project and the built facility during its service life comprises the following major stages:

a) Location/siting,

b) Conceptualization and planning,

c) Designing and detailing,

d) Construction/execution,

e) Operation and maintenance, and

f) Decommissioning and deconstruction.

Each stage necessarily requires professionals of many disciplines who should work together as a well coordinated team to achieve the desired product delivery with quality and safety and other objectives, in an effective manner.

Appropriate multi-disciplinary teams (see 4.1.1 to 4.1.3) need to be constituted to successfully meet the requirements of different stages. Each team may comprise need based professionals out of the following depending upon the nature, magnitude and complexity of the project:

1. Architect;

2. Civil engineer;

3. Structural engineer;

4. Geotechnical engineer;

5. Electrical engineer;

6. Plumbing engineer;

PART 0 INTEGRATED APPROACH — PREREQUISITE FOR APPLYING PROVISIONS OF THE CODE

7. Fire protection engineer;

8. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning engineer;

9. Lift, escalator and moving walk specialist;

10. Acoustics specialist;

11. Information/communication technology engineer;

12. Health, safety and environment specialist;

13. Environment/sustainability specialist;

14. Town planner;

15. Urban designer;

16. Landscape architect;

17. Security system specialist;

18. Interior designer;

19. Quantity surveyor;

20. Project/construction manager;

21. Accessibility and universal design specialist;

22. Asset/facility manager; and

23. Other subject specialist(s).

It is important that leaders and members of design team, project management/construction management team, and operation and maintenance team, depending on the size and complexity of the project, are carefully selected considering their qualification, experience and expertise in these fields.

In building projects, various aspects like form; space planning; aesthetics; fire and life safety; structural adequacy; plumbing services; lighting and natural ventilation; electrical and allied installations; air conditioning, heating and mechanical ventilation; acoustics, sound insulation and noise control; installation of lifts and escalators; building automation; data and voice communication; other utility services installations; landscape planning, design and development; urban planning; etc need to be kept in view right at the concept stage. The project requiring such multi-disciplinary inputs need a coordinated approach among the professionals for proper integration of various design inputs. For this, and to take care of the complexities of multi-disciplinary requirements, a design team of professionals from the required disciplines shall be constituted at the appropriate stage. Here, it is desirable that the multi-disciplinary integration is initiated right from the concept stage. The team shall finalize the plan. The composition of the team shall depend on the nature, magnitude and complexities of the project. Design is an evolutionary and participatory process, where participation of the owner constitutes a very important input at all stages, and the same shall be ensured by the design team.

To ensure proper implementation of the design, the design team, may be associated during the construction/execution stage.

The objective of project management or construction management is primarily to achieve accomplishment of a project in accordance with the designs and specifications in a stipulated time and cost framework, etc, with a degree of assurance prior to commencement and satisfaction on completion and commissioning.

For large projects, separate teams of experienced professionals from the required disciplines may be constituted for project management (including planning and scheduling) and for construction management depending upon the complexities of the project. However, for smaller projects these teams may be combined. The teams shall be responsible for day-to-day execution, supervision, quality control, etc, and shall ensure interdisciplinary coordination during the construction stage. The team shall be responsible to achieve satisfactory completion of the project in respect of all relevant project management functions like cost, time, quality, safety, etc. Some members of the design team may also be included in the project management team and/or associated actively during the project execution stage.