NBC 2016 (SP 7:2016) Volume 1
2016 · PDF page 715
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The building as a whole shall be analysed by accepted principles of mechanics to ensure safe and proper functioning in service of its component parts in relation to the whole building. All component parts of the structure shall be capable of sustaining the most adverse combinations of loads, which the building may be reasonably expected to be subjected to during and after construction.
Loads to be taken into consideration for designing masonry components of a structure are:
a) dead loads of walls, columns, floors and roofs;
b) imposed loads of floors and roof;
c) wind loads on walls and sloping roof; and
d) seismic forces.
NOTE — When a building is subjected to other loads, such as vibration from railways; machinery, etc, these should be taken into consideration accordingly to the best judgment of the
designer (see also Part 6 ‘Structural Design, Section 1 Loads, Forces and Effects’ of the Code).
5.2.1 The design loads and other forces to be taken for the design of masonry structures shall conform to Part 6 ‘Structural Design, Section 1 Loads, Forces and Effects’ of the Code.
NOTE — During construction, suitable measures shall be taken to ensure that masonry is not liable to damage or failure due to action of wind forces, back filling behind walls or temporary construction loads.
The angle of dispersion of vertical load on walls shall be taken as not more than from the vertical.
Account may also be taken of the arching action of well-bonded masonry walls supported on lintels and beams, in accordance with established practice. Increased axial stresses in the masonry associated with arching action in this way, shall not exceed the permissible stresses given in 5.4.
Lintels that support masonry construction shall be designed to carry loads from masonry (allowing for arching and dispersion where applicable), and loads received from any other part of the structure. Length of bearing of lintel at each end shall not be less than 90 mm or one-tenth of the span, whichever is more, and area of the bearing shall be sufficient to ensure that stresses in the masonry (combination of wall stresses, stresses due to arching action and bearing stresses from the lintel) do not exceed the stresses permitted in 5.4 (see Annex C).